Study of Stool Color Chart
Stool Colour Chart – A Qualitative Study Page 4
the success of the operation and also survival post-operation with the native liver and delaying need for
transplant. [11] If there is successful bile flow after surgery, 10 year survival rates without liver transplant can
be as high as 90 percent. [12, 13] The age at which a HPE is performed has been found to be a major
prognostic factor for survival in cases of BA. Some research has shown, that an HPE performed before 45 days
of life, can increase survival rates by 15 percent. [14] Currently, the average age of presentation of BA in New
Zealand to tertiary services is 50.37 days of life (±37.3), with HPE on 61.7 days of life (±25.7). [15]
Biliary Atresia in New Zealand
Incidence of BA varies around the world and sits at 1 per 10,000-20,000 live births in New Zealand, roughly
equating to three to six new cases each year, with preponderance in Māori and Pacific Island ethnicities. [15,
16] Internationally, there are high rates of BA within South East Asian communities. [16] Barriers to care such
as difficult access to primary care and poor health literacy have been known to act further to delay potential
diagnoses of serious medical problems in these ethnic groups in New Zealand. [17-19]
Impact on Māori
Historical data in 1989 puts incidence of BA of 3 in 10,000 Māori and Pacific Island births in New Zealand. [20]
More recent census data in New Zealand and cases at Starship Hospital, Gastroenterology & Hepatology,
estimates the incidence of BA in Māori to be 1 in 7000, more than double that of the general population, and
closer to incidences of Japan and Taiwan. There is also evidence to show an extremely high incidence of BA
within a North Island iwi, indicating a possible genetic predisposition in Maori. [21] Raising awareness with the
SCC could help monitor and deliver quality health care to Māori for a condition that affects Māori in
disproportionate numbers.
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