Report on fuel and air transport
Fuel and air transport
C
ONTENTS
E
XECUTIVE SUMMARY
.......................................................................................................................... 1
1 T
RENDS IN PRICE AND EFFICIENCY
.............................................................................................. 3
2 A
IRLINE RESPONSES IN THE SHORTER TERM
.............................................................................. 13
3 A
IR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
...................................................................................................... 27
4 A
IRFRAME MANUFACTURERS
.................................................................................................... 31
5 A
ERO
-
ENGINE MANUFACTURERS
.............................................................................................. 33
6 R
EGULATORY INITIATIVES
........................................................................................................ 37
F
IGURES
F
IGURE
1: S
POT KEROSENE PRICES
,
1986
TO
2008 .............................................................................3
F
IGURE
2: W
ORLD OIL PRICE FORECASTS
...........................................................................................4
F
IGURE
3: US
KEROSENE JET FUEL PRICE AND CONSUMPTION
,
1975
TO
2007 ....................................5
F
IGURE
4: US
JET KEROSENE RETAIL VERSUS CRUDE OIL PRICES
(
CRACK SPREAD
) ............................5
F
IGURE
5: W
ORLD AIRLINE FUEL COST AS PERCENT OF TOTAL OPERATING COSTS
.............................6
F
IGURE
6: A
VERAGE AIRCRAFT SIZE IN
AEA
LONG
-
HAUL AND SHORT
-
HAUL FLEETS
........................7
F
IGURE
7: B
RITISH
A
IRWAYS FUEL EFFICIENCY AND TRAFFIC
............................................................9
F
IGURE
8: F
UEL EFFICIENCY VERSUS AIRCRAFT SEAT CAPACITY
:
SHORT
/
MEDIUM HAUL
.................11
F
IGURE
9: F
UEL SURCHARGES ON
L
UFTHANSA AND
B
RITISH
A
IRWAYS LONG
-
HAUL FLIGHTS
.........18
F
IGURE
10: F
UEL SURCHARGES ON
LH
AND
BA
SHORT
-
HAUL FLIGHTS
........................................19
F
IGURE
11: C
OST OF FUEL COMPARED WITH REVENUE FROM FUEL SURCHARGE
...........................20
F
IGURE
12: P
ERCENTAGE OF FUEL COSTS COVERED BY SURCHARGE REVENUE
.............................20
F
IGURE
13: T
HE COST OF FUEL ABOVE REVENUE GENERATED FROM FUEL SURCHARGES
...............21
F
IGURE
14: T
ICKET PRICES BETWEEN
K
UALA
L
UMPUR AND
B
ANGKOK
(N
OV
08).........................21
F
IGURE
15: T
ICKET PRICES BETWEEN
N
EW
Y
ORK AND
L
ISBON
(N
OV
008) ................................... 22
TABLES
T
ABLE
1: P
AST TRENDS IN FUEL EFFICIENCY
.....................................................................................7
T
ABLE
2: L
ITRES PER
100
PASSENGER
-
KMS
,
FY2007 .......................................................................8
T
ABLE
3: F
LEET FUEL EFFICIENCY FOR SHORT
/
MEDIUM HAUL FLEET
,
2004 ....................................11
T
ABLE
4: F
UEL PRICE HEDGING BY
EU
AIRLINE
,
FY2008
AND
FY2009..........................................16
T
ABLE
5: T
HE EVOLUTION OF SECTOR FUEL CHARGES APPLIED BY
B
RITISH
A
IRWAYS
...................17
T
ABLE
6: J
ET FREIGHTER AIRCRAFT
,
ESTIMATED FUEL CONSUMPTION
,
2002*................................24
T
ABLE
7: T
AX RATES ON DOMESTIC AVIATION FUEL
.......................................................................40
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